Medium - Medium means
the material or technical means of the way a piece of art is produced.
Kinds of mediums include oils, watercolors, acrylics, ink, pencil and charcoal,
to name a few. Reproduction medium types which involve reproduction
methods are lithography, offset lithography, silkscreen, serigraphy and
giclees. Mixed media is the use of two or more materials during the
artistic process or within the reproduction of an art piece.
Mezzotint - An
engraving technique in which a metal plate is first roughened so that it will
produce a dark tone. The design is then worked into the plate from dark to light
by scraping down the roughened areas to produce the design.
Monotype or Monoprint - A
technique in which a drawing is made with ink on a smooth surface such as glass
or metal and then printed onto paper by hand or with a press. Usually only a
single print is produced, although a "ghost image" (a second strike from the
same inked plate) may be produced.
Mono-Original - An
original image of any medium that is recreated in likeness more than once.
Offset Lithograph - A
mechanical printing process used to reproduce an image within a kind
of photographic process. The most current printing methods in the art
world are computerized or printed electronically. This
older process uses a computer, tedious typesetting, and page-design software
along with optical scanners for reproduction of an art piece. Most
commercial reproductions are created using this process.
Original Graphics - An
artist working in a printmaking medium, such as etching creates a Predetermined
number of images. Lithography and serigraphy. Original graphics are produced on
a master plate, stone, or screen one at a time using a graphic press.
Printers Proof or P/P - Common
practice by many printers print a small number of impressions or prints
which are made for reviewing by the artist his or her publishers,
or even galleries for approval at printing time. Proofing time may vary depending on the various
reproduction methods which are used. Offset lithographs usually have
a larger number of proofs since they are produced fairly
rapidly through the technical process that involves an offset
press. Proofs are sometimes marketed and are actually identical
impressions to the final print that is ultimately done in larger numbers.
Print markings for example will show "P/P 1/100". That refers to
the first print of an edition of 100 Printers Proofs. Most the time
Printers Proofs are higher priced and worth more in value to S/N's or A/P's
of an edition.
Rag Paper - One
hundred percent rag paper are constructed of cotton fibers. Often
considered museum or what one might has as
"archival quality". Watercolor paper and most final print paper
further help to describe examples of archival rag type.
Remarque or RE or rem - Many
artists are now beginning to put a small personalized signature depiction or
even a small drawing in the margin of their prints. The small image is
sometimes found in pencil, hand done by the artist or it can be found in color,
such as with colored pens. Using one of these images, is referred to using
a Remarque. Because they take extra effort on the part of the artist
signing the piece, the first print of an edition of Remarques usually are more
costly compared to S/N's, A/P's or other attributes of an art print
edition. A "RE 1/25" for example, on a print would refer to the
first printing of 25 Remarques.
Serigraph or Silkscreen - Within
a silk-screen process, a tightly stretched screen, most often of silk fabric on
it is readied. Then the process involves blocking out areas that will be
printed by filling mesh on the screen with a paint or varnish type
application. Then paper is put under the screen, and the ink or varnish is
pushed through the mesh onto the paper with various methods, most often a
squeegee. In it's own way, the print becomes a type of stencil used
together to create a multi-colored final print. Oriental artists have
done silk-screening for many years and in more recent years more modern artists
have enjoyed this medium. Serigraphs are hand pulled art, where as a s
silk-screen is being even more refined in new automated printing
processes. Even some T-shirt artists do silk-screens.
Signed and Numbered or S/N - Prints that are signed or authenticated with the artists signature, the total number of
impressions in the edition, and the order in which impression is signed. The
artist pencils in his signature and a number on the bottom of the print. Most
the time artists choose to use a pencil on reproduction images because it
does not degrade of grossly effect paper in years to come. The number appears
as a fraction. For example, "L/E 5/1500, means one is
viewing the fifth print of a limited edition of 1500 total prints.
Sold - Sold Out - When
a limited edition is no longer available it is termed Sold Out. When an image
sells out it usually will begin to appreciate in value depending upon resale or
trade in the secondary market. When an original is Sold it is listed in the
collection of its original owner and sometimes following owners depending upon
the age and worth of the art piece.
Woodcut or Wood Engraving - A
relief technique in which a design is cut with knives, gouges, or chisels into
planks of wood parallel to the wood grain. Wood Engraving is a relief technique
in which a design is cut with burins, gouges, or chisels into the end grain of a
hard wood block.
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